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八年级英语下册units1-7期末复习提纲

2022-06-24 来源:嘻游网

  units 6--10

  unit 6

  useful expression

  1.     how long   多长时间了?

  2.     start class/skating/to skate  开始上课/滑冰

  = begin class/skating/to skate

  3.     a skating marathon  一场滑冰马拉松

  4.     would like = ’d like  愿意、想要

  5.     run out of    跑完

  6.     by the way   顺便问一下

  7.     more than = over  超过

  8.     ever since  自从

  9.     raise money for charity  筹集善款

  10.  a pair of   一双

  11.  five and a half years  五年半

  12.  the whole five hours  整整五个小时

  13.  in russian style  以俄罗斯的风格

  key sentences

  1.     every hour they skate, each student raises ten yuan for charity.每位学生每溜冰一个小时就能为慈善事业筹到10元钱。

  every 和each 都表示“每一个”,但every是指整体,each是指每个个体。

  2.     next is sam. 紧接着的是sam。

  3.     because we’ve run out of room to store them. 因为我们已经没地方存放他们了。

  4.     by the way, what’s your hobby? 顺便问一下,你有什么爱好?

  5.     i am interested in the job as a writer. 我对这份作家的工作感兴趣。

  6.     in fact, the first jews probably came to kaifeng more than a thousand years ago.事实上,首批犹太人可能是在一千多年前来到开封的。

  7.     the more i learn about chinese history, the more i enjoy living in china. 我对中国历史了解的越多,我就越喜欢在中国生活。

  8.     although i live quite far from beijing, ….  虽然我住得离北京很远。

  grammar

  1.     现在完成进行时

  (1)     结构:have/has + been + v.ing.

  (2)     用法:表示从过去某一时刻开始,一直延续到现在且很有可能持续下去;

  i’ve been doing the cleaning all this morning.

  表示从过去开始一直持续到现在的某一动作刚刚结束;

  you’re late again! i’ve been waiting here for an hour.

  表示一个一直到说话时为止的一段时间内一再重复的动作。

  i have been calling you several times in two days.

  (3) 时间状语:all the time/this morning, since morning, all night,

  this week/month, recently 等

  (3)     对现在完成进行时的时间状语进行提问时使用how long。

  how long have you been skating?

  i’ve been skating  since i was seven years old.

  for 5 years old.

  2.     现在完成进行时与现在完成时区别:

  现在完成进行时侧重于动作的持续、运行;而现在完成时强调动作的完成。如:

  i have written a letter to my father.(到现在信已写完)我给我的父亲写了一封信。

  i have been writing a letter to my father.(一直在写,现在还在写)我一直在给我的父亲写信。

  再看:i wrote a letter to my father. 我给我的父亲写过一封信。

  unit 7

  useful expression

  1.     turn down/up  调小/大(音量)

  turn on/off    打开/关上(电源开关)

  2.     not at all   一点也不

  3.     right away = in a minute  立刻、马上

  4.     do/wash the dish  洗碗

  5.     get out of  出来

  6.     put on  穿上(动作)

  wear   穿着(状态)

  7.     feed the dog  喂狗

  keep the dog  养狗

  8.     return … to …  把…还给…

  9.     help sb. do/with sth.  帮助某人做某事

  10.  make posters  制作海报

  11.  a terrible haircut  一个糟糕的发型

  12.  have a long telephone conversation  褒电话粥

  13.  wait in line  排队

  cut in line  插队

  14.  follow sb. around  跟在某人周围

  15.  get mad = get annoy = get angry  感到恼火

  16.  all the time  一直

  17.  complain about  抱怨…

  18.  be polite  有礼貌

  19.  try (not) to do sth.  尽力(不去)做某事

  20.  must be  一定是

  21.  keep down  保持音量

  22.  seem like  看上去像…

  23.  be allowed  被允许

  24.  even if/though  尽管、即使

  25.  take care = be careful  小心

  26.  in public places 在公众场合

  in public  公开地,当众地

  27.  put out  熄灭

  28.  drop litter  乱丢垃圾

  29.  pick up  捡起、拾起

  key sentences

  1.     would you mind turning down the music? 你介不介意把音乐声关小呢?

  would you mind (not) doing sth.? 你介不介意做(不做)…?

  = would/could you please (not) do sth.? 请你做(不做)…好吗?

  2.     i won’t be long. 我一会就好。

  3.     the pen you bought didn’t work. 你买的那把笔坏了。

  = the pen you bought wasn’t broken.

  = there was something wrong with the pen you bought.

  = something was wrong with the pen you bought.

  4.     here you are. 给你。

  here’s what they said. 以下是他们所说的。

  5.     i can’t stand it. 我无法忍受。

  i can’t stand to see good food to waste. 我无法忍受看着好食物被浪费。

  6.     could you please not follow me around? 请你不要跟着我四周好吗?

  7.     this happens to me all the time in the school library.

  在学校图书馆我一直碰上这种事。

  9.     would you mind keeping your voice down? 你介不介意把音量放小呢?

  voice: 名词,指说话和唱歌地嗓音; talk in a loud voice 高声交谈

  noise: 名词,指人们不愿听到地噪音;

  sound: 名词,泛指自然界一切可以听到的声音。

  10.  for example, dropping litter is almost never allowed.

  例如,乱丢垃圾是不被允许的。

  be allowed 被允许。 “be + 动词的过去分词”是被动语态

  unit 8

  useful expression

  1.     get her a scarf  送她一条围巾

  2.     compare with/to sth.  …与…相比

  3.     not creative enough  不够有创意

  4.     easy/difficult to take care of  容易/难养活

  5.     these days  目前,现在

  6.     pot-bellied pig  大肚猪

  7.     spend with her  和她呆在一起

  8.     not … at all  根本不

  9.     fall asleep  入睡(动作)

  be asleep  入睡(状态)

  10.  half way = halfway  半道、中途

  11.  different kinds of 不同种类

  12.  pay for  付款

  13.  from across china = from all over china  来自全中国

  14.  as … as  与…一样…

  not as/so…as…  与…比不如其…

  15.  encourage sb. to do sth.  鼓励某人做某事

  16.  hear of  听说

  17.  make progress  取得进步

  18.  be able to = can  能够

  19.  have fun with sth.  做…有乐趣

  key sentences

  1.     why don’t you get her a scarf?  为什么不给她买条围巾呢?

  get sb. sth. for …  为了… 给某人买某物

  = get sth. to sb. for…

  注意:当sth. 是代词时,不可使用第二种用法。

  2.     that’s not interesting enough.  那不够有趣。

  enough有两种词性:当它用来修饰形容词、副词时,作为副词,应放在所修饰的词之后,如上句;当它用来修饰名词时,应放在名词之后,如:i don’t have enough time to spend with her.

  3.     what’s the best gift (that) joe has ever received?  joe曾经受到的最好的礼物

  是什么?

  4.     what a lucky guy! 幸运的家伙!

  5.     i think a dog is a good pet for a 6-year-old child.  我认为对于一个六岁的孩子一条狗会是一个好礼物。

  6.     dogs are too difficult to take care of.  狗很难照料。

  7.     the trendiest kind of pet these days is the pot-bellied pig.  近来最流行的宠物是大腹便便的猪。

  8.     life with a pig isn’t always perfect.  和一只猪在一起生活并不总是完美的。

  9.     now she’s too big to sleep in the house.  现在她太大了不能睡在屋子里。

  too… to …:太…以致于不能…

  = so… that 主语 can’t ….

  e.g. he is too young to go to school.

  = he is so young that he can’t go to school.

  = he isn’t old enough to go to school.

  = he is very young and he can’t go to school.

  注意:too…to…是一个简单句,而so…that…是一个复合句。并且当复合句中的主句主语和从句主语不同时,在句型中要用for sb.来表述。如:

  the digital camera is so expensive that we can’t buy it.

  = the digital camera is too expensive for us to buy.

  = the digital camera isn’t cheap enough for us to buy.

  = the digital camera is very expensive and we can’t buy it.

  10.  my shoes were really cheap. they only cost $5. 我的鞋子真的很便宜。只要花5美圆。

  cost:花费(金钱)主语为物;

  pay:花费(金钱)主语为人;

  take::花费(时间、金钱)主语为物;

  spend :花费(时间、金钱)主语为人。

  grammar

  1.      why don’t you get her a scarf?

  = why not get her a scarf?  为什么不给她买条围巾呢?

  how/what about doing sth.?  做…怎么样呢?

  how/what about + (a/an) + n.?  …怎么样呢?

  2. would you mind (not) doing sth.? 你介不介意做(不做)…?

  = would/could you please (not) do sth.? 请你做(不做)…好吗?

  注意:7、8两个单元学习的几种礼貌的提出建议的方式要重点、综合复习。注意他们的搭配。

  unit 9

  useful expression

  1.     hear of   听说

  hear from  收到…的消息/来信

  2.     take a ride  兜风

  3.     end up  结束

  4.     argue with sb.  与某人争吵

  5.     roller coaster  过山车

  6.     a flight attendant  一个机组乘务员

  7.     in fact  事实上

  8.     all over the world  全世界

  9.     think about 考虑

  think of  想起;认为

  10.  rather than  宁可;而不是

  11.  neither…nor…  既不…也不…

  12.  three quarters of  四分之三

  13.  for example  举个例子

  14.  such as  例如

  15.  on the one hand,… on the other hand,….  一方面…,另一方面…

  16.  be asleep  睡着(状态)

  fall asleep  睡着(动作)

  key sentences

  1.     have you ever been to a water park?  你曾经去过水上公园吗?

  no, i haven’t.                    不,我没有。

  me neither. = neither/nor have i.     我也没有。

  这是一个否定的省略句。它的结构是“ neither/nor + be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语”。而用在肯定的省略句中时要使用so,它的结构是“so+ be动词/助动词/情态动词”。如:

  -- i paid 20 yuan for this book.

  -- so did i.

  2.     the roller coaster is themed with disney characters.

  过山车是以迪斯尼的人物为主题的。

  3.     the boats take different routes, but they all end up in the same place.

  虽然船的路线不同,但它们都停泊在同一个地方。

  4.     it’s just so much fun in disneyland. 

  迪斯尼乐园里有如此之多的乐趣。

  5.     it was because i could speak english that i got the job.

  只是因为我能说英语,我得到了这份工作。

  6.     more than three quarters of the population are chinese. 

  超过四分之三的人是中国人。

  7.     this is because the island is so close to the equator. so you can choose to go whenever you like. 就因为这个岛是如此接近赤道。所以只要你愿意你任何时候都可以去。

  grammar

  1.     现在完成时

  (1)     用法:动作到现在已经完成或刚刚完成;

  过去发生或已完成的动作对现在造成的结果和影响;

  过去开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。

  (2)     基本结构:have/has + v.过去分词

  (3)     时间状语:already, yet, just, ever, never, once, twice, so far, ever since, for a long time, for + 一段时间, since + 过去的时间点/过去时的从句,等。

  (4)     注意事项:

  a. 现在完成时是现在的时态,重点表达目前的结果和状态;

  b. 表示动作从过去开始持续到现在用for + 时间段, since +点时间连用。对for与since短语提问用how long。

  c. 现在完成时从不与when引起的疑问句联用。

  d. have been to:去过…

  have gone to:去了…

  have been in:呆在…

  e. 短暂性动词变为延续性动词:

  buy --- have had               borrow --- have kept

  join --- have been in / have been a member of

  become --- have been a member  make friends --- have been friends

  die --- have been dead          get to know --- have known

  come/go to do --- have done     catch a cold --- have had a cold

  begin/start to do --- have done

  begin / start --- have been on

  enter / come / arrive / get to / reach --- have been in/at

  go / leave for / set off / set out --- have been away from

  2.     since,for在现在完成(进行)时中的用法差异

  (1)     since 后接过去的时间点或一般过去时的从句。

  he has been an english teacher since three years ago.

  we have known each other since we came to study in this university.

  (2)     for后接时间段

  he has lived here for three years.

  3.     现在完成时与一般过去时的区别

  现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响和结果,强调的是现在的情况,所以它不能和表示过去的时间状语连用,如:yesterday, last night, three weeks ago, in 1990等。

  而一般过去时只表示过去的动作或状态,和现在不发生关系,它可以和表示过去的时间状语连用。如:

  he has lived here since 1992.  1992年以来他一直住在这里。(他现在还住在这里)

  he lived here in 1992.  1992年他住在这里。(并不涉及他现在是否住在这里)

  unit 10

  useful expression

  1.     forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事

  forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事

  2.     look through 浏览

  3.     cross a busy street = go/walk across a busy street 穿过一条繁忙的街道

  4.     think of 想起、认为

  5.     come along 出现,发生

  6.     get along/on … with sb.  与某人相处的…

  7.     be friendly to sb. 对某人友好

  8.     have a birthday party 举办一个生日聚会

  9.     on saturday night 在周六的晚上

  10.  at least 至少

  11.  at the school dining room 在学校的餐厅里

  key sentences

  1.     i hope so. 我希望如此。

  so为代词,用来表示赞同前面所提及的内容。除了hope以外,还有think,believe,suppose,be afraid等,可与so连用。如:

  do you think it will rain this afternoon? 你认为下午会下雨吗?

  i think/believe/suppose/hope/am afraid so. 我想/相信/猜/希望/恐怕会。

  注意:用来表示不赞同前面所提及的内容,有两种不同的方法,不可混用。如:

  i don’t think so. 我不这么想。

  i hope/suppose/am afraid not. 我希望/猜/恐怕不会这样。

  2.     how much did that shirt cost? 那件衬衫多少钱?

  3.     i feel like part of the group now. 现在我感觉像是他们中的一员了。

  4.     friends like you make it a lot easier to get along in a new place. 有像你这样的一些朋友,使得我在新的地方很快就适应了。

  grammar

  反意疑问句

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